Tag: thought

  • Wastewater sector emits nearly twice as much methane as previously thought

    پرنسٹن یونیورسٹی کی نئی تحقیق کے مطابق، میونسپل گندے پانی کو صاف کرنے والے پلانٹس ماحول میں میتھین کی تقریباً دوگنی مقدار کا اخراج کرتے ہیں جو سائنسدانوں نے پہلے خیال کیا تھا۔ اور چونکہ میتھین 20 سالوں میں کاربن ڈائی آکسائیڈ سے 80 گنا زیادہ طاقتور سیارے کو گرم کرتی ہے، یہ ایک بڑا مسئلہ ہو سکتا ہے۔

    اینڈلنگر سینٹر فار انرجی اینڈ دی انوائرمنٹ میں سول اور ماحولیاتی انجینئرنگ کے پروفیسر اور اس سے وابستہ فیکلٹی مارک زونڈلو نے کہا، \”فضلہ کا شعبہ دنیا میں میتھین کے سب سے بڑے بشریاتی ذرائع میں سے ایک ہے۔\” \”چونکہ شہر شہری بنانا اور خالص صفر کے منصوبے تیار کرتے رہتے ہیں، وہ مائع گندے پانی کی صفائی کے شعبے کو نظر انداز نہیں کر سکتے۔\”

    زونڈلو نے اس موضوع پر دو نئی تحقیقوں میں سے ایک کی قیادت کی، دونوں میں شائع ہونے والے کاغذات میں رپورٹ کیا گیا۔ ماحولیاتی سائنس اور ٹیکنالوجی ایک مطالعہ نے ریاستہائے متحدہ میں 63 گندے پانی کے علاج کے پلانٹس پر زمین پر میتھین کے اخراج کی پیمائش کی۔ دنیا بھر میں گندے پانی کو جمع کرنے اور ٹریٹمنٹ کے مختلف عملوں کے میتھین مانیٹرنگ اسٹڈیز سے شائع شدہ لٹریچر ڈیٹا کا تجزیہ کرنے کے لیے مشین لرننگ کے دوسرے استعمال شدہ طریقے۔

    \”زیادہ سے زیادہ لوگوں نے گندے پانی کے بنیادی ڈھانچے سے وابستہ میتھین کے اخراج کا مطالعہ نہیں کیا ہے، حالانکہ ہم جانتے ہیں کہ یہ میتھین کی پیداوار کے لیے ایک ہاٹ سپاٹ ہے،\” Z. Jason Ren، جنہوں نے دوسری تحقیق کی قیادت کی۔ رین سول اور ماحولیاتی انجینئرنگ اور اینڈلنگر سینٹر فار انرجی اینڈ دی انوائرمنٹ کے پروفیسر ہیں۔

    موسمیاتی تبدیلی پر بین الحکومتی پینل (IPCC) نے رہنما خطوط قائم کیے ہیں جو محققین اور امریکی ماحولیاتی تحفظ ایجنسی (EPA) جیسے اداروں کو ان کے مخصوص علاج کے عمل کی بنیاد پر گندے پانی کی صفائی کے پلانٹس سے میتھین کے اخراج کا اندازہ لگانے کی اجازت دیتے ہیں۔ تاہم، یہ رہنما خطوط نسبتاً کم تعداد میں گندے پانی کی صفائی کے پلانٹس پر محدود پیمائش سے تیار کیے گئے تھے۔

    اور جب محققین نے مشرقی ساحل اور کیلیفورنیا میں 63 ٹریٹمنٹ پلانٹس کے پلمز کی پیمائش کرکے پودوں کے وسیع اخراج کی مقدار درست کرنے کے لیے پرنسٹن ایٹموسفیرک کیمسٹری ایکسپیریمنٹ (PACE) موبائل لیبارٹری کا استعمال کیا، تو انھوں نے پایا کہ آئی پی سی سی کے رہنما خطوط ہر سائز کے ٹریٹمنٹ پلانٹس کو مسلسل کم کرتے ہیں۔ اور علاج کے عمل.

    اگر ان 63 پلانٹس کے نتائج نمائندہ ہیں، تو پورے امریکہ میں گندے پانی کی صفائی کی سہولیات سے میتھین کا اصل اخراج اخراج کے تخمینے سے تقریباً 1.9 گنا زیادہ ہوگا جو کہ موجودہ IPCC اور EPA گائیڈ لائنز کا استعمال کرتے ہیں، یعنی یہ گائیڈ لائنز 5.3 ملین میٹرک ٹن کے برابر میتھین کے اخراج کو کم کرتی ہیں۔ کاربن ڈائی آکسائیڈ کی.

    دلچسپ بات یہ ہے کہ تحقیقی ٹیم جس نے میتھین کے اخراج پر لٹریچر ڈیٹا کا تجزیہ کرنے کے لیے دوسرا آزاد مطالعہ کیا وہ بھی اسی نتیجے پر پہنچی: امریکہ میں میونسپل گندے پانی کے علاج سے میتھین کا تخمینہ تقریباً دوگنا تھا جو موجودہ رہنما خطوط پیش گوئی کریں گے۔

    رین نے کہا، \”ہم دو مختلف طریقوں کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے یہ ظاہر کرنے میں کامیاب رہے کہ میتھین کا اخراج گندے پانی کے شعبے کے لیے اس سے کہیں زیادہ بڑا مسئلہ ہے جو پہلے سوچا گیا تھا۔\”

    گندے پانی کے میتھین کے اخراج میں معمول کے مشتبہ افراد

    محققین کا خیال ہے کہ چونکہ IPCC کے رہنما خطوط گندے پانی کی صفائی کے پلانٹس کی ایک چھوٹی سی تعداد میں محدود پیمائش سے تیار کیے گئے ہیں، اس لیے وہ سہولیات کے درمیان موجود اخراج میں فرق کی درست نمائندگی نہیں کرسکتے ہیں۔

    براہ راست پیمائش کے مطالعہ کے پہلے مصنف اور سول اور ماحولیاتی انجینئرنگ میں گریجویٹ طالب علم، ڈینیئل مور نے کہا، \”ہدایات گندے پانی کے علاج کے ان نظاموں میں کارکردگی کی ایک خاص سطح کو فرض کرتی ہیں جو پودوں سے پودوں کی بنیاد پر موجود نہیں ہو سکتی ہیں۔\” انہوں نے رساو اور ناکارہ آلات کی طرف اشارہ کیا جو گندے پانی کی صفائی کرنے والے پلانٹس میں ناقابل شناخت ہو سکتے ہیں لیکن اہم گرین ہاؤس گیسوں کے اخراج کا باعث بن سکتے ہیں۔

    تنقیدی جائزے کے پہلے مصنف اور پرنسٹن میں سول اور ماحولیاتی انجینئرنگ کے ایک پوسٹ ڈاکٹرل محقق Cuihong Song نے کہا کہ anaerobic digesters سے لیس ٹریٹمنٹ پلانٹس میتھین کے سب سے بڑے اخراج میں شامل تھے۔

    اینیروبک ڈائجسٹر ایئر ٹائٹ برتن ہیں جن میں اینیروبک جرثومے ہوتے ہیں جو آکسیجن کے بغیر گندے پانی کے کیچڑ یا ٹھوس فضلہ کو توڑنے اور اس عمل میں میتھین سے بھرپور بائیو گیس پیدا کرنے کے لیے کام کرتے ہیں۔ اس میتھین کو علاج کے عمل کے دیگر پہلوؤں کو طاقت دینے کے لیے گرمی یا بجلی پیدا کرنے کے لیے استعمال کیا جا سکتا ہے۔

    لیکن جب انیروبک ڈائجسٹر غیر موثر طریقے سے کام کرتے ہیں تو، لیکس اور دباؤ کی تعمیر میتھین کو مفرور اخراج کے طور پر فرار ہونے کی اجازت دے سکتی ہے۔ سونگ نے کہا، \”اگر ڈائجسٹر گیس سے تنگ نہیں ہے، تو آپ میتھین کے زیادہ اخراج کو ختم کر سکتے ہیں۔\” محققین نے پایا کہ انیروبک ڈائجسٹر والے پودے بغیر ڈائجسٹر والے پودوں کی نسبت تین گنا زیادہ میتھین خارج کرتے ہیں۔

    انیروبک ڈائجسٹروں سے زیادہ اخراج ایک سنگین مسئلہ ہو سکتا ہے: جب کہ انیروبک ڈائجسٹروں سے لیس گندے پانی کے علاج کے پلانٹس امریکہ کے تمام ٹریٹمنٹ پلانٹس میں سے 10% سے بھی کم ہیں، ان میں سے زیادہ تر پلانٹس بڑی سہولیات ہیں جو مل کر، تقریباً 55% علاج کرتے ہیں۔ ملک میں گندا پانی

    مور نے مزید کہا کہ \”ان ڈائجسٹروں کو لاگو کرنے سے اخراج کو کم کرنے میں بہت زیادہ پیسہ خرچ ہو رہا ہے، کیونکہ نظری طور پر، یہ بند نظام ہیں۔ جب وہ صحیح طریقے سے کام کر رہے ہوں، تو آپ میتھین کو ایک جگہ پر سنٹرلائز کر سکتے ہیں،\” مور نے مزید کہا۔ \”یہ ناکاریاں اور لیکیجز ہیں جو بہت سے مسائل کا باعث بنتے ہیں۔\”

    anaerobic digesters کے ساتھ ساتھ، تنقیدی جائزے سے پتہ چلا ہے کہ سیوریج سسٹم سے میتھین کا اخراج ملک گیر میتھین کے اخراج میں اہم کردار ادا کرتا ہے۔ تاہم، موجودہ رہنما خطوط بڑے پیمانے پر گٹروں سے مفرور میتھین کے اخراج کا حساب نہیں رکھتے، جس کے بارے میں محققین کا کہنا ہے کہ مستقبل میں گرین ہاؤس گیس کی انوینٹریوں کا حساب دینا ضروری ہے۔

    رین نے کہا، \”ہمارے پاس امریکہ میں ایک ملین میل سے زیادہ گٹر ہیں، جو کہ بھرپور نامیاتی مادے سے بھرے ہوئے ہیں جو میتھین کے اخراج کا سبب بن رہے ہیں، لیکن ہمیں ان کے دائرہ کار کے بارے میں بہت کم سمجھ ہے۔\”

    بہتر نگرانی، بہتر رہنما خطوط

    محققین اب شراکت داروں کے ساتھ مل کر ایک انوینٹری اور طریقہ کار بنانے کے لیے کام کر رہے ہیں جو مینیجرز کو آسانی سے اپنے میتھین کے اخراج کی نگرانی کر سکیں گے۔ گندے پانی کے علاج کے عمل کے ذرائع کی نشاندہی کرکے جو سب سے زیادہ میتھین کا اخراج کرتے ہیں، ان کا کام مفرور اخراج کو کم کرنے کی کوششوں کو بھی آگاہ کر سکتا ہے۔

    مور نے کہا، \”میتھین کی فضا میں زندگی بہت کم ہے، لہذا اگر ہم پورے ملک میں اس کے اخراج کو ختم کرنے میں کامیاب ہو جاتے ہیں، تو گرمی میں میتھین کا حصہ تیزی سے کم ہو جائے گا،\” مور نے کہا۔ \”اب سے دس سال بعد، ہمیں میتھین کے بارے میں اتنی فکر نہیں کرنی پڑے گی۔\”

    رین نے مزید کہا کہ انیروبک عمل انہضام جیسے عمل سے پیدا ہونے والا میتھین توانائی کے ایک قیمتی ذریعہ کے طور پر بھی کام کرتا ہے۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ \”مفرور میتھین کے اخراج کی شناخت اور تخفیف کرنے سے، ہم دوہرے فوائد دیکھیں گے۔\” \”ہم قریبی مدت میں گرین ہاؤس گیسوں کے اخراج کو کم کریں گے، اور ہم میتھین کی مقدار کو زیادہ سے زیادہ کریں گے جو ہم گندے پانی کے علاج کے عمل سے بازیافت کر سکتے ہیں۔\”

    پھر بھی، ٹریٹمنٹ پلانٹس اور مختلف سائز اور علاج کے عمل کے سیوریج نیٹ ورکس سے مختلف اوقات میں میتھین کے اخراج کی نگرانی کے لیے مزید کام کی ضرورت ہے۔

    مثال کے طور پر، کچھ مطالعات نے گندے پانی کے علاج کے پلانٹس سے میتھین کے اخراج کی طویل مدتی، مسلسل نگرانی کی ہے، اگرچہ اخراج کی شرح روزانہ یا موسمی طور پر بھی مختلف ہو سکتی ہے، موسم سرما کی نسبت موسم بہار اور گرمیوں میں عموماً زیادہ ہوتی ہے۔ زونڈلو نے کہا، \”بالآخر، ہمیں پودوں سے ہونے والے اخراج کا مکمل حساب کتاب کرنے کی ضرورت ہے۔ انہوں نے مزید کہا کہ سال کے مختلف اوقات میں اضافی پودوں کے بعد کی پیمائش کے ابتدائی تجزیوں نے اخراج میں موسمی تغیرات کو سمجھنے کی اہمیت کو اجاگر کیا ہے۔

    ایک ہی وقت میں، محققین کو گٹر جیسے مشکل سے پہنچنے والے علاقوں سے اخراج کو سمجھنے کے لیے نمونے لینے کے بہتر طریقے تیار کرنے کی ضرورت ہوگی، کیونکہ سیوریج نیٹ ورکس کی پھیلی ہوئی نوعیت کے ساتھ ساتھ ان کی اعلی نمی کی سطح کے ساتھ اخراج کی درست تصویر کھینچنا مشکل ہو جاتا ہے۔ موجودہ طریقہ کار

    ان رکاوٹوں پر قابو پا کر اور اپنی نگرانی کی کوششوں کو جاری رکھتے ہوئے، محققین تازہ ترین رہنما خطوط تخلیق کرنے کے لیے وسیع تر کوششوں میں حصہ ڈال سکتے ہیں جو گندے پانی کے شعبے سے میتھین کے اخراج کا بہتر اندازہ لگا سکتے ہیں۔

    رین نے کہا، \”بہت سی ایجنسیاں اس بات کو تسلیم کر رہی ہیں کہ گندے پانی کے شعبے سے میتھین کے اخراج کا مطالعہ کرنا ضروری ہے۔\” \”یہ تحقیق صرف ہمارے اپنے نتائج کی اطلاع نہیں دے رہی ہے۔ ہم اس کی بازگشت کر رہے ہیں جسے وسیع تر تحقیقی برادری نے مشاہدہ کیا ہے اور علم کے ایک اہم خلا کے طور پر شناخت کیا ہے۔\”

    تحقیقی منصوبوں کے لیے معاونت الفریڈ پی سلوان فاؤنڈیشن (یونیورسٹی آف کیلیفورنیا، ریور سائیڈ کے ساتھی پروجیکٹ لیڈ فرانسسکا ہاپکنز کے ساتھ)، صاف پانی کے چیلنج کے ذریعے ہائی میڈو انوائرنمنٹل انسٹی ٹیوٹ، اور انرجی اینڈ انوائرنمنٹ پروگرام کے ذریعے فراہم کی گئی۔ پال ایل بش ایوارڈ کے ذریعے واٹر ریسرچ فاؤنڈیشن۔



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  • SignalFire\’s founder says his VC firm lost staffers who \”thought we were too cheap\” in prior years

    For most founders, being seen by employees as cheap isn’t exactly a badge of honor, but venture investor Chris Farmer doesn’t mind. While Farmer’s 10-year-old, seed-stage venture firm SignalFire lost frustrated employees who weren’t able to compete for deals when the market was at its most frothy, he says, holding the line on price appears poised to pay off at long last.

    For one thing, limited partners just committed a whopping $900 million to the firm across four new funds, doubling in one fell swoop the amount of money that SignalFire has raised previously. Farmer — who says that SignalFire began “pumping the brakes” in 2018 because it “saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction” —  is further being vindicated as valuations continue to plummet and founder expectations get reset.

    So what did Farmer see that others looked past? Data and lots of it, he says. We talked last week with Farmer about that data — which has been a source of pride for SignalFire since its outset — and why he thinks it continues to give the firm an edge, even while many other venture firms have become similarly data driven over the last decade. Questions and answers below have been edited and condensed for clarity.

    You’ve raised a bunch of money across four funds but you aren’t breaking out how much each fund is managing. Why?

    We don’t really break it out because it doesn’t really matter, [but broadly] we have hundreds of millions for seed [stage companies]; we have several hundred million to follow on those companies through a breakout vehicle, which most of the companies are alumni and then there’s some net new companies, as well. We’ve also been doing XIR [experts-in-residence] for a while, pairing operators who have built multibillion dollar businesses with an entrepreneur with whom they have good chemistry and whose company typically has $5 million to $10 million in revenue; they join the board and get involved typically one to three days a week to help scale up the business in sort of like an executive chair mode.

    And in return, they receive. . .

    They get advisor shares. They write a check themselves concurrently with us. And then they get some upside from the fund.

    You’ve said previously that SignalFire has access to 100 major data sets that your “competitive data nerds” pore over to figure out what’s happening in the world, but it seems like this approach has been copied by other firms, so what is your biggest differentiator today?

    I actually think that our competitors have dropped back. It’s actually shocking to me how much they’ve not caught up with us and how we’re farther ahead than we’ve ever been, which is not at all what I expected. There are a lot of funds that are doing something with data, but [that basically means] having a Bloomberg terminal. It’s nothing like what we have. Every time we look at a deal or turn it down, the machine learns. We’re the only venture firm with a true ML system where it’s a closed loop.

    What proof do you have that what you’ve built works?

    We have a very strong track record of getting in front of things before anyone else because of our data. We participated in every round of Frame.io starting at the seed; we earned our way into its Series A based on over-delivering services after losing the lead in the seed round to Accel. The company was acquired by Adobe in August 2021 for $1.27 billion. We led Flock Freight’s seed round in November 2015, and subsequently participated in every follow-on round through the Series D in October 2021.

    We saw customer traction in credit card data for Grammarly and leveraged a pre-existing relationship with the founder to acquire shares in 2017 and 2019. Its recruiting team uses our talent tools to help source potential employees; it’s profitable and raised $200 million in November 2021 . . .

    You’ve said your data drove you to pump the brakes, beginning in 2018.

    We use the data to manage risk in a way that VCs typically don’t, so we started pumping the brakes in 2018 because we saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction because we can see it in the data. [We as a firm] were pumping the brakes from 2018 to 2021, in fact. We actually lowered our entry cost basis into companies during that period. We went pre seed we took more execution and fundraising risk. And we didn’t overpay for things the way that other VC firms did. And so that’s one of the reasons we were able to scale up into this capital market. Because LPs recognize that now we’re going on the offense when everyone else is pulling back.

    You think valuations are definitely pulling back.

    Yeah, I mean, a lot of the major firms are licking their wounds because they got way overextended and put way too much capital in at way too high a valuation, which we totally avoided doing and worked really hard to avoid. I lost people as a result of them leaving the firm because they didn’t think we could compete because we were too cheap. So we were definitely swimming upstream. But now, we’re able to be out there very aggressively, pursuing market opportunities and supporting founders because of the new capital base but also the systems and support that we built, as well.

    Who left because they thought you were too cheap?

    I’m not gonna go into it now, but people got frustrated. To them, it was like, ‘We can’t compete with the term sheets from XYZ Big Name Firm.’ They wanted to win deals, but you’ve got to win in a way where you can be good fiduciaries and return the kind of capital that LPs expect. If you have a hugely high entry point, I mean, a lot of these companies are going to really struggle to ever grow into the valuations that they once had.

    It’s expected to get worse before it gets better. Despite your focus on pre-seed and seed-stage outfits, do you imagine investing opportunistically in companies that maybe got over their skis in terms of valuation?

    We’re not doing a lot of saving companies that raised crazy valuations. We’re focused on the next generation.



    Source link

    Join our Facebook page
    https://www.facebook.com/groups/www.pakistanaffairs.pk

  • SignalFire\’s founder says his VC firm lost staffers who \”thought we were too cheap\” in prior years

    For most founders, being seen by employees as cheap isn’t exactly a badge of honor, but venture investor Chris Farmer doesn’t mind. While Farmer’s 10-year-old, seed-stage venture firm SignalFire lost frustrated employees who weren’t able to compete for deals when the market was at its most frothy, he says, holding the line on price appears poised to pay off at long last.

    For one thing, limited partners just committed a whopping $900 million to the firm across four new funds, doubling in one fell swoop the amount of money that SignalFire has raised previously. Farmer — who says that SignalFire began “pumping the brakes” in 2018 because it “saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction” —  is further being vindicated as valuations continue to plummet and founder expectations get reset.

    So what did Farmer see that others looked past? Data and lots of it, he says. We talked last week with Farmer about that data — which has been a source of pride for SignalFire since its outset — and why he thinks it continues to give the firm an edge, even while many other venture firms have become similarly data driven over the last decade. Questions and answers below have been edited and condensed for clarity.

    You’ve raised a bunch of money across four funds but you aren’t breaking out how much each fund is managing. Why?

    We don’t really break it out because it doesn’t really matter, [but broadly] we have hundreds of millions for seed [stage companies]; we have several hundred million to follow on those companies through a breakout vehicle, which most of the companies are alumni and then there’s some net new companies, as well. We’ve also been doing XIR [experts-in-residence] for a while, pairing operators who have built multibillion dollar businesses with an entrepreneur with whom they have good chemistry and whose company typically has $5 million to $10 million in revenue; they join the board and get involved typically one to three days a week to help scale up the business in sort of like an executive chair mode.

    And in return, they receive. . .

    They get advisor shares. They write a check themselves concurrently with us. And then they get some upside from the fund.

    You’ve said previously that SignalFire has access to 100 major data sets that your “competitive data nerds” pore over to figure out what’s happening in the world, but it seems like this approach has been copied by other firms, so what is your biggest differentiator today?

    I actually think that our competitors have dropped back. It’s actually shocking to me how much they’ve not caught up with us and how we’re farther ahead than we’ve ever been, which is not at all what I expected. There are a lot of funds that are doing something with data, but [that basically means] having a Bloomberg terminal. It’s nothing like what we have. Every time we look at a deal or turn it down, the machine learns. We’re the only venture firm with a true ML system where it’s a closed loop.

    What proof do you have that what you’ve built works?

    We have a very strong track record of getting in front of things before anyone else because of our data. We participated in every round of Frame.io starting at the seed; we earned our way into its Series A based on over-delivering services after losing the lead in the seed round to Accel. The company was acquired by Adobe in August 2021 for $1.27 billion. We led Flock Freight’s seed round in November 2015, and subsequently participated in every follow-on round through the Series D in October 2021.

    We saw customer traction in credit card data for Grammarly and leveraged a pre-existing relationship with the founder to acquire shares in 2017 and 2019. Its recruiting team uses our talent tools to help source potential employees; it’s profitable and raised $200 million in November 2021 . . .

    You’ve said your data drove you to pump the brakes, beginning in 2018.

    We use the data to manage risk in a way that VCs typically don’t, so we started pumping the brakes in 2018 because we saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction because we can see it in the data. [We as a firm] were pumping the brakes from 2018 to 2021, in fact. We actually lowered our entry cost basis into companies during that period. We went pre seed we took more execution and fundraising risk. And we didn’t overpay for things the way that other VC firms did. And so that’s one of the reasons we were able to scale up into this capital market. Because LPs recognize that now we’re going on the offense when everyone else is pulling back.

    You think valuations are definitely pulling back.

    Yeah, I mean, a lot of the major firms are licking their wounds because they got way overextended and put way too much capital in at way too high a valuation, which we totally avoided doing and worked really hard to avoid. I lost people as a result of them leaving the firm because they didn’t think we could compete because we were too cheap. So we were definitely swimming upstream. But now, we’re able to be out there very aggressively, pursuing market opportunities and supporting founders because of the new capital base but also the systems and support that we built, as well.

    Who left because they thought you were too cheap?

    I’m not gonna go into it now, but people got frustrated. To them, it was like, ‘We can’t compete with the term sheets from XYZ Big Name Firm.’ They wanted to win deals, but you’ve got to win in a way where you can be good fiduciaries and return the kind of capital that LPs expect. If you have a hugely high entry point, I mean, a lot of these companies are going to really struggle to ever grow into the valuations that they once had.

    It’s expected to get worse before it gets better. Despite your focus on pre-seed and seed-stage outfits, do you imagine investing opportunistically in companies that maybe got over their skis in terms of valuation?

    We’re not doing a lot of saving companies that raised crazy valuations. We’re focused on the next generation.



    Source link

    Join our Facebook page
    https://www.facebook.com/groups/www.pakistanaffairs.pk

  • SignalFire\’s founder says his VC firm lost staffers who \”thought we were too cheap\” in prior years

    For most founders, being seen by employees as cheap isn’t exactly a badge of honor, but venture investor Chris Farmer doesn’t mind. While Farmer’s 10-year-old, seed-stage venture firm SignalFire lost frustrated employees who weren’t able to compete for deals when the market was at its most frothy, he says, holding the line on price appears poised to pay off at long last.

    For one thing, limited partners just committed a whopping $900 million to the firm across four new funds, doubling in one fell swoop the amount of money that SignalFire has raised previously. Farmer — who says that SignalFire began “pumping the brakes” in 2018 because it “saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction” —  is further being vindicated as valuations continue to plummet and founder expectations get reset.

    So what did Farmer see that others looked past? Data and lots of it, he says. We talked last week with Farmer about that data — which has been a source of pride for SignalFire since its outset — and why he thinks it continues to give the firm an edge, even while many other venture firms have become similarly data driven over the last decade. Questions and answers below have been edited and condensed for clarity.

    You’ve raised a bunch of money across four funds but you aren’t breaking out how much each fund is managing. Why?

    We don’t really break it out because it doesn’t really matter, [but broadly] we have hundreds of millions for seed [stage companies]; we have several hundred million to follow on those companies through a breakout vehicle, which most of the companies are alumni and then there’s some net new companies, as well. We’ve also been doing XIR [experts-in-residence] for a while, pairing operators who have built multibillion dollar businesses with an entrepreneur with whom they have good chemistry and whose company typically has $5 million to $10 million in revenue; they join the board and get involved typically one to three days a week to help scale up the business in sort of like an executive chair mode.

    And in return, they receive. . .

    They get advisor shares. They write a check themselves concurrently with us. And then they get some upside from the fund.

    You’ve said previously that SignalFire has access to 100 major data sets that your “competitive data nerds” pore over to figure out what’s happening in the world, but it seems like this approach has been copied by other firms, so what is your biggest differentiator today?

    I actually think that our competitors have dropped back. It’s actually shocking to me how much they’ve not caught up with us and how we’re farther ahead than we’ve ever been, which is not at all what I expected. There are a lot of funds that are doing something with data, but [that basically means] having a Bloomberg terminal. It’s nothing like what we have. Every time we look at a deal or turn it down, the machine learns. We’re the only venture firm with a true ML system where it’s a closed loop.

    What proof do you have that what you’ve built works?

    We have a very strong track record of getting in front of things before anyone else because of our data. We participated in every round of Frame.io starting at the seed; we earned our way into its Series A based on over-delivering services after losing the lead in the seed round to Accel. The company was acquired by Adobe in August 2021 for $1.27 billion. We led Flock Freight’s seed round in November 2015, and subsequently participated in every follow-on round through the Series D in October 2021.

    We saw customer traction in credit card data for Grammarly and leveraged a pre-existing relationship with the founder to acquire shares in 2017 and 2019. Its recruiting team uses our talent tools to help source potential employees; it’s profitable and raised $200 million in November 2021 . . .

    You’ve said your data drove you to pump the brakes, beginning in 2018.

    We use the data to manage risk in a way that VCs typically don’t, so we started pumping the brakes in 2018 because we saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction because we can see it in the data. [We as a firm] were pumping the brakes from 2018 to 2021, in fact. We actually lowered our entry cost basis into companies during that period. We went pre seed we took more execution and fundraising risk. And we didn’t overpay for things the way that other VC firms did. And so that’s one of the reasons we were able to scale up into this capital market. Because LPs recognize that now we’re going on the offense when everyone else is pulling back.

    You think valuations are definitely pulling back.

    Yeah, I mean, a lot of the major firms are licking their wounds because they got way overextended and put way too much capital in at way too high a valuation, which we totally avoided doing and worked really hard to avoid. I lost people as a result of them leaving the firm because they didn’t think we could compete because we were too cheap. So we were definitely swimming upstream. But now, we’re able to be out there very aggressively, pursuing market opportunities and supporting founders because of the new capital base but also the systems and support that we built, as well.

    Who left because they thought you were too cheap?

    I’m not gonna go into it now, but people got frustrated. To them, it was like, ‘We can’t compete with the term sheets from XYZ Big Name Firm.’ They wanted to win deals, but you’ve got to win in a way where you can be good fiduciaries and return the kind of capital that LPs expect. If you have a hugely high entry point, I mean, a lot of these companies are going to really struggle to ever grow into the valuations that they once had.

    It’s expected to get worse before it gets better. Despite your focus on pre-seed and seed-stage outfits, do you imagine investing opportunistically in companies that maybe got over their skis in terms of valuation?

    We’re not doing a lot of saving companies that raised crazy valuations. We’re focused on the next generation.



    Source link

    Join our Facebook page
    https://www.facebook.com/groups/www.pakistanaffairs.pk

  • SignalFire\’s founder says his VC firm lost staffers who \”thought we were too cheap\” in prior years

    For most founders, being seen by employees as cheap isn’t exactly a badge of honor, but venture investor Chris Farmer doesn’t mind. While Farmer’s 10-year-old, seed-stage venture firm SignalFire lost frustrated employees who weren’t able to compete for deals when the market was at its most frothy, he says, holding the line on price appears poised to pay off at long last.

    For one thing, limited partners just committed a whopping $900 million to the firm across four new funds, doubling in one fell swoop the amount of money that SignalFire has raised previously. Farmer — who says that SignalFire began “pumping the brakes” in 2018 because it “saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction” —  is further being vindicated as valuations continue to plummet and founder expectations get reset.

    So what did Farmer see that others looked past? Data and lots of it, he says. We talked last week with Farmer about that data — which has been a source of pride for SignalFire since its outset — and why he thinks it continues to give the firm an edge, even while many other venture firms have become similarly data driven over the last decade. Questions and answers below have been edited and condensed for clarity.

    You’ve raised a bunch of money across four funds but you aren’t breaking out how much each fund is managing. Why?

    We don’t really break it out because it doesn’t really matter, [but broadly] we have hundreds of millions for seed [stage companies]; we have several hundred million to follow on those companies through a breakout vehicle, which most of the companies are alumni and then there’s some net new companies, as well. We’ve also been doing XIR [experts-in-residence] for a while, pairing operators who have built multibillion dollar businesses with an entrepreneur with whom they have good chemistry and whose company typically has $5 million to $10 million in revenue; they join the board and get involved typically one to three days a week to help scale up the business in sort of like an executive chair mode.

    And in return, they receive. . .

    They get advisor shares. They write a check themselves concurrently with us. And then they get some upside from the fund.

    You’ve said previously that SignalFire has access to 100 major data sets that your “competitive data nerds” pore over to figure out what’s happening in the world, but it seems like this approach has been copied by other firms, so what is your biggest differentiator today?

    I actually think that our competitors have dropped back. It’s actually shocking to me how much they’ve not caught up with us and how we’re farther ahead than we’ve ever been, which is not at all what I expected. There are a lot of funds that are doing something with data, but [that basically means] having a Bloomberg terminal. It’s nothing like what we have. Every time we look at a deal or turn it down, the machine learns. We’re the only venture firm with a true ML system where it’s a closed loop.

    What proof do you have that what you’ve built works?

    We have a very strong track record of getting in front of things before anyone else because of our data. We participated in every round of Frame.io starting at the seed; we earned our way into its Series A based on over-delivering services after losing the lead in the seed round to Accel. The company was acquired by Adobe in August 2021 for $1.27 billion. We led Flock Freight’s seed round in November 2015, and subsequently participated in every follow-on round through the Series D in October 2021.

    We saw customer traction in credit card data for Grammarly and leveraged a pre-existing relationship with the founder to acquire shares in 2017 and 2019. Its recruiting team uses our talent tools to help source potential employees; it’s profitable and raised $200 million in November 2021 . . .

    You’ve said your data drove you to pump the brakes, beginning in 2018.

    We use the data to manage risk in a way that VCs typically don’t, so we started pumping the brakes in 2018 because we saw the valuations were decoupling relative to company traction because we can see it in the data. [We as a firm] were pumping the brakes from 2018 to 2021, in fact. We actually lowered our entry cost basis into companies during that period. We went pre seed we took more execution and fundraising risk. And we didn’t overpay for things the way that other VC firms did. And so that’s one of the reasons we were able to scale up into this capital market. Because LPs recognize that now we’re going on the offense when everyone else is pulling back.

    You think valuations are definitely pulling back.

    Yeah, I mean, a lot of the major firms are licking their wounds because they got way overextended and put way too much capital in at way too high a valuation, which we totally avoided doing and worked really hard to avoid. I lost people as a result of them leaving the firm because they didn’t think we could compete because we were too cheap. So we were definitely swimming upstream. But now, we’re able to be out there very aggressively, pursuing market opportunities and supporting founders because of the new capital base but also the systems and support that we built, as well.

    Who left because they thought you were too cheap?

    I’m not gonna go into it now, but people got frustrated. To them, it was like, ‘We can’t compete with the term sheets from XYZ Big Name Firm.’ They wanted to win deals, but you’ve got to win in a way where you can be good fiduciaries and return the kind of capital that LPs expect. If you have a hugely high entry point, I mean, a lot of these companies are going to really struggle to ever grow into the valuations that they once had.

    It’s expected to get worse before it gets better. Despite your focus on pre-seed and seed-stage outfits, do you imagine investing opportunistically in companies that maybe got over their skis in terms of valuation?

    We’re not doing a lot of saving companies that raised crazy valuations. We’re focused on the next generation.



    Source link

    Join our Facebook page
    https://www.facebook.com/groups/www.pakistanaffairs.pk